7月4日美国独立日：美国独立宣言全文（双语）

每年7月4日是美国的独立日,1776年7月4日,大陆会议在费城正式通过托马斯·杰佛逊起草的《独立宣言》。以下为美国独立宣言的全文内容：

The declaration of independence

In congress, July 4,

1776 the unanimous

Declaration of the

Thirteen united

States of America

when in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for onepeople to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another,and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station towhich the laws nature and nature’s god entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankindrequires that they should declare the causes which impel them to theseparation.

在人类事务发展的过程中,当一个民族必须解除同另一个民族的联系,并按照自然法则和上帝的旨意,以独立平等的身份立于世界列国之林时,出于对人类舆论的尊重,必须把驱使他们独立的原因予以宣布。

we hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are createdequal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights,that they are among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Thatto secure these rights, governments is instituted among them, deriving theirjust power from the consent of the governed. that whenever any form ofgovernment becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people toalter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundationon such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shallseem most likely to affect their safety and happiness. prudence, indeed, willdictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transientcauses; and accordingly all experience hath shown that mankind are moredisposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than t right themselves byabolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train ofabuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object evinces design toreduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, tothrow off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security.Such has been the patient sufferance of these colonies; and such is now thenecessity, which constrains them to alter their former systems of government. Thehistory of the present king of great Britain is usurpations, all having indirect object tyranny over these states. To prove this, let facts be submittedto a candid world.

我们认为下述真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等,造物主赋予他们若干不可让与的权利,其中包括生存权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。为了保障这些权利,人们才在他们中间建立政府,而政府的正当权利,则是经被统治者同意授予的。任何形式的政府一旦对这些目标的实现起破坏作用时,人民便有权予以更换或废除,以建立一个新的政府。新政府所依据的原则和组织其权利的方式,务使人民认为唯有这样才有可能使他们获得安全和幸福。若真要审慎的来说,成立多年的政府是不应当由于无关紧要的和一时的原因而予以更换的。过去的一切经验都说明,任何苦难,只要尚能忍受,人类还是情愿忍受,也不想为申冤而废除他们久已习惯了的政府形式。然而,当始终追求同一目标的一系列滥用职权和强取豪夺的行为表明政府企图把人民至于专制暴政之下时,人民就有权也有义务去推翻这样的政府,并为其未来的安全提供新的保障。这就是这些殖民地过去忍受苦难的经过,也是他们现在不得不改变政府制度的原因。当今大不列颠王国的历史,就是屡屡伤害和掠夺这些殖民地的历史,其直接目标就是要在各州之上建立一个独裁暴政。为了证明上述句句属实,现将事实公诸于世,让公正的世人作出评判。

He has refused his assent to laws, the most wholesome and necessaryfor the public good.

他拒绝批准对公众利益有益、必需的法律。

He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immediate andpressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his assent shouldbe obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend them.

他禁止他的殖民总督批准刻不容缓、极端重要的法律,要不就先行搁置这些法律直至征得他的同意,而这些法律被搁置以后,他又完全置之不理。

He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of largedistricts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right ofrepresentation in the legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidableto tyrants only.

他拒绝批准便利大地区人民的其他的法律,除非这些地区的人民情愿放弃自己在自己在立法机构中的代表权；而代表权对人民是无比珍贵的,只有暴君才畏惧它。

He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual,uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public records, for thesole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.

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